From Micro-Pore Structure to Macro-Logging Response: Integrated Mechanisms of Low-Resistance Oil and Gas Reservoir Formation and Precise Identification

Abstract

Low-resistance oil and gas reservoirs, characterized by their high concealment and significant exploration potential, are specialized reservoirs whose identification accuracy directly impacts the efficiency of hydrocarbon resource exploration and development. This paper systematically elucidates the core genesis mechanisms of low-resistance reservoirs by examining the intrinsic characteristics of micro-pore structures, revealing the coupling relationship between intrinsic factors such as micro-pore systems and mineral composition and macro-logging responses. It comprehensively reviews response patterns of conventional logging, array logging, and nuclear magnetic resonance logging techniques, summarizing core methodologies such as Fisher diagramming, intersection mapping, and neural network identification. This establishes an integrated technical framework linking “genetic mechanisms – logging responses – identification models.” Research indicates that at the microscopic scale, high bound water saturation, additional conductivity from clay minerals, and complex pore structures are the primary internal factors governing low-resistance formation. Macro-scale manifestations include reduced resistivity and weakened differentiation in logging curve responses. Multi-technique integration and identification methods guided by dominant genesis mechanisms can significantly enhance recognition accuracy. This paper provides theoretical support and technical references for the precise evaluation of low-resistance hydrocarbon reservoirs, holding significant implications for expanding the scope of oil and gas exploration.