Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Urban Parking Lot Based on POI Data: Take the Main Urban Area of Lanzhou as an Example

Abstract

Parking lot is an important part of urban infrastructure. Whether the parking lot space layout is reasonable is not only related to the happiness and satisfaction of local residents, but also affects the basic factor of urban economic development. Taking parking lot POI data as the research object, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and changing trends of parking lots in Lanzhou city in 2012, 2017 and 2022 by using “Standard Deviational Ellipse” , “Kernel Density ”, “Global Moran’s I” and “Local Moran’s I”. The results show that: 1) the public parking lot occupies the largest proportion of all kinds of parking lots, and develops from single-core cluster to multi-core cluster; The allocated parking lot is still in the growth stage of basic development. and the medium density value covers 72% of the streets; The layout of the dedicated parking lot is often to facilitate access to the city as the principle, the performance of Qing yang Road as the axis of the east-west strip; The overall density of the roadside parking lot changes not greatly, and its spatial distribution shows a planar development trend. 2) Except for the allocated parking lot, the standard deviation ellipse of the other three types of parking lot becomes shorter on the long axis, longer on the short axis and smaller on the flatness, indicating that the spatial distribution of the ellipse in the northwest to southeast direction is relatively saturated, so it expands in the north-south direction, which is consistent with the trend that Lanzhou city is limited in urban space and develops to the south and north to fully explore the available space. 3) In the main urban area of Lanzhou, there are large differences in the nuclear density of all kinds of parking lots, showing a state of multi-core aggregation, and significant differences in zoning, showing an unbalanced spatial distribution of “more in the southeast and less in the northwest”. 4) Public parking lots were clustered significantly, with high-high values mostly appearing in Chengguan District, and low-low values mostly appearing in Qilihe District and Xi gu District. The streets with high-low and low-high outliers are gradually reduced, and the distribution of public parking lots in Lanzhou tends to be reasonable on the whole.