Research on Security Mechanism and Testing Verification Method of Encryption Chips for Automotive Information Security Components

Abstract

Against the background of the rapid popularization of intelligent connected vehicles, the in-vehicle electronic and electrical architecture is continuously upgraded to domain control and centralization, putting forward higher requirements for information security in links such as in-vehicle data interaction, vehicle-cloud communication, firmware upgrade, and identity authentication. As the hardware root of trust in the in-vehicle information security system, encryption chips undertake key functions such as key storage, encryption and decryption operations, digital signature, secure boot, and communication authentication, and their security directly determines the entire vehicle network and data security capabilities. Starting from the actual application scenarios of in-vehicle encryption chips, this paper systematically sorts out their hardware security architecture, key management system, cryptographic algorithm implementation, physical anti-attack design, and secure communication mechanism, analyzes the typical risks faced by encryption chips in the current in-vehicle environment such as physical attacks, side-channel attacks, illegal interface access, and key leakage, and constructs a comprehensive testing verification method covering functional testing, cryptographic performance, physical security, interface security, and environmental reliability combined with ISO/SAE 21434, national cryptographic algorithm standards, and automotive-grade security requirements. Verified through bench testing and real-vehicle environment, the testing system proposed in this paper can comprehensively identify the security shortcomings of encryption chips and realize quantitative evaluation of security capabilities, providing a systematic technical reference for the selection, development, evaluation, and engineering implementation of in-vehicle security chips.